Prejudice and Racism Today :: Sociology Racism Prejudice Essays

...Everybody bounced on him, beat the hellfire out of him...  Everybody was hitting him or kicking him.  One person was kicking at his spine.  Another person hitting on the side of the face...  He was unconscious.  He was dying. Everyone had blood on their forearms.  We ran back up the slope snickering... He ought to have died...  He lost so much blood he turned white.  He got what he merited (Ridgeway 167.)           The skinheads who played out this arbitrary demonstration of racial viciousness in 1990, had no motivation to mercilessly beat their casualty other than the way that he was Mexican (Ridgeway 167).  Racism is unbiasedly characterized as any act of ethnic separation or segregation.  Fortunately, racial savagery is consistently declining as the turn of the century approaches.   Now another type of prejudice, clandestine prejudice, has as of late sprung from the weights of political rightness. This new type of bigotry, albeit gradually declining, still gives indications of solid support (Piazza 86).  Covert bigotry expect a type of common insubordination against politically right idea and discourse. Basically, secret prejudice is a covered up bigotry, or a prejudice not effectively identified (Piazza 78).  Prejudice is still emphatically pervasive in the present society (Gudorf 3).           The three distinctive fundamental types of prejudice, open bigotry, rough prejudice, furthermore, secretive prejudice every single express type of contempt towards particular ethnic gatherings (Drinking spree 47).  These fundamental types of prejudice, albeit distinctive in structure, all have a similar principle reason, to advance bigotry. Open prejudice communicates opportunity of racial idea and speech.  Open racists advance their perspectives through carefully persuasionary tactics.  This type of prejudice is permitted in our general public in view of the First Amendment.  Open bigotry is right now practically nonexistent and consistently declining, on the grounds that it is considered politically off base and socially inadmissible. Vicious prejudice advances bigotry through brutality, dread, and persuasionary strategies (Leone 49)  This type of bigotry isn't ensured by the First Amendment since it elevates brutality to communicate its thoughts. Tragically numerous savage racial gatherings guarantee they don't advance viciousness, and along these lines these gatherings are secured by the First Amendment in light of the fact that insufficient adequate proof exists to demonstrate their rough purpose (Ridgeway 123).           Covert prejudice communicates thoughts of bigotry in masked structures; now and again the secretive supremacist isn't even mindful of the way that he is racist.  Bigotry, it is affirmed, is not, at this point glaring: individuals these days are hesitant to communicate straightforwardly their abhorrence of and scorn for minorities, in reality are not set up to express openly a supposition that could be interpretted as racist.  Racism, it is stated, is inconspicuous: it is masked, kept far out (Enrlich 73)  The

Impact of Unions on Human Resources Management Research Paper

Effect of Unions on Human Resources Management - Research Paper Example The methodology taken by this paper centers around the setting of both the representatives and the business, so as to see how basing on these two, associations impact the HR the board of an association. By and large, this paper will show that associations have both negative and positive effect on HR the executives of an association. Writing Review Labor Laws, Unions, and Human Resources Management Labor laws are basic in directing the connection between the businesses, the workers, and the associations. In this manner, through them, there emerge different desires, which impact the administration of a unionized association in different manners. Neuser and Barker (2010) composed an article, which investigates the condition of work laws in the United States. In their article titled â€Å"What Every Employer Should Know about the Law of Union Organizing,† Neuser and Barker investigate the different work laws in the United States, and decipher them to show how these impact managers , and what's up or directly for bosses to do when confronted with unionization. In any case, a significant part of employers’ activities, which the work laws control, is the counter-crusade. Neuser and Barker (6) contend that, â€Å"An business is allowed, and is quite often all around exhorted, to lead a worker instructive crusade when gone up against with an association sorting out campaign.† However, the way through which this is done decides if the work laws are damaged or clung to by the business. The counter-battle by the business brings about changes in the HR and the executives rehearses in an organization. In any case, a business directs a counter-crusade, as per the Section 8(a) of the Act, just as different suppositions by the legal and the board. In this way, in an offer to keep workers from unionizing, bosses may receive extra HR rehearses, or enhance the current HR rehearses, so as to advance representative employment fulfillment. For example, they may bu ild representative pay rates, elevate a few representatives to higher position, and by and large enhance the working states of workers. In any case, every one of these progressions and new receptions in HR practices will have been realized by unionization. Be that as it may, Neuser and Barker underline that this counter-crusade ought not encroach on any work law (26). Unionizing, Job Satisfaction, and Human Resources Management Various investigates have been directed to investigate the impact of unionizing on worker work fulfillment. In their examination, Bryson, Cappellari, and Lucifora (2010) investigated the impact of unionizing on representative occupation fulfillment in Britain. Results show that there are no huge contrasts in the degree of occupation fulfillment among association and nonunion representatives. In any case, for those association workers that needed aggregate bartering, the degree of employment fulfillment was seen as lower. Regardless, aggregate haggling is a si gnificant determinant of employment fulfillment for association laborers. In another examination, Artz (2010) researched how association experience impacts worker work fulfillment. Results demonstrated that activity fulfillment was just higher among the businesses, who were in associations just because, in this way low involvement with associations. Be that as it may, the more a representative increased expanded involvement with uni

New Courses at SIPA Military technology, private sector work, and social impact campaigns COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - SIPA Admissions Blog

New Courses at SIPA Military technology, private sector work, and social impact campaigns COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - SIPA Admissions Blog SIPA is constantly expanding its curricula so that students are equipped with the tools they need to start solving pressing global policy issues. Theres a wide range of areas that SIPA students choose to go into, so here are some new course highlights from this semester. (No need for a TL;DR, these course highlights are just one minute long.) Working with the Private Sector for Development Outcomes Military Technology Assessment The Art of Creating Social Impact Campaigns

The Last Samurai Hollywood and Orientalism - 2947 Words

Hollywood and Orientalism have traditionally had an inter-twined relationship that continues to persist even today. Orientalism can be described in three different ways. Firstly, as Edward Said illustrates in his great work â€Å"Orientalism† illustrates, â€Å"it is academic in nature; composed by people who write, teach, and research on the â€Å"orient.† (Said, 1978, 4) Secondly, â€Å"Orientalism is also a style of thought based on an ontological and epistemological distinction between â€Å"Orient† and more often than not the â€Å"Occident† (Said, 1978, 5). In other words, Orientalism creates, through the binary opposition between the East and West, a means for dealing and understanding the Orient, and western self-understanding through opposing itself against the â€Å"Other.† (Said, 1978, 5) Orientalism is used when describing European-American views on the region of Asia, and has often led to western Eurocentric views proclaiming their do minance over East Asia through an uneven exchange of power. In short, Orientalism as a Western style for dominating, restructuring, and having authority over the Orient (Said, 1978, 5) Additionally, it has created a regular pattern for the idea of European Western having political, intellectual, and hegemony over Asia. The Hollywood film industry has particularly been a fertile ground for Orientalism. In the late nineteenth and twentieth century western narrative and cinemas inherited and narrated visual traditions, as well as the cultural assumption, on whichShow MoreRelatedOne Significant Change That Has Occurred in the World Between 1900 and 2005. Explain the Impact This Change Has Made on Our Lives and Why It Is an Important Change.163893 Words   |  656 Pagestwentieth century. And the reunification of Germany and the reemergence of international terrorism, which were powerfully symptomatic of the unprecedented reach and intensity of the processes of globalization on either side of the otherwise unremarkable last and first years of the old and new millennia, represented both a return to trends reminiscent of the opening decades of the twentieth century and a major break from the prevailing dynamics of the cold war. In addition to the problems posed for conceptualizing

Smoking or Non - 1058 Words

Smoking in restaurants and bars has recently become a thing of the past in Georgia. Most restaurants used to have smoking sections. These poorly partitioned areas allowed patrons and employees to enjoy the carefree life of eating and smoking simultaneously, without having to go outside for a smoke break. Fortunately, the Georgia Smokefree Air Act of 2005 made it illegal for smokers to light up inside restaurants where anyone under the age of eighteen may be present. Now, non-smokers can go into practically any eating place in the state and not have to worry about their food being seasoned with the cook’s cigarette ash. I make a very meticulous effort every day to keep my infant daughter safe and healthy. It is unfair to her to be exposed†¦show more content†¦I am fortunate to live in a state where smoking inside restaurants is banned. The savings from not having to replace the restaurant furnishings would not be the only benefit to business owners. The owners would also not have to worry about the danger of a fire starting from a carelessly placed cigarette. I had the opportunity as a smoker to have many personal mishaps from my own bad habits, and it is all too easy to see how a multitude of smokers could spell disaster. One flippantly tossed cigarette has the power to destroy a building, and take lives, all while placing numerous public safety workers in harm’s way. When I was in high school, I was a junior volunteer firefighter. The Smokefree Air Act was not in place at that time, and smoking was permitted inside most restaurants. One night, a local sports bar, caught on fire. While battling the blaze, two fellow firefighters were badly wounded. One of those men needed extensive surgeries and therapy for several months afterwards. The cause of the fire was believed to be from a cigarette that had fallen onto a fabric covered chair. Had the smoking ban been around at that time, the fire may not have occurred. While many people are grateful for the marvelous new laws, there are still some who think the Smokefree Air Act is a violation of their constitutional rights. It is not illegal to smoke tobacco, so smokers think that they should be allowed toShow MoreRelatedThe Article, Metal Analysis For Non Tobacco Smoking Alternatives Essay904 Words   |  4 PagesThe article, Metal analysis for non-tobacco smoking alternatives: Steam stone fluids and smoke written by Amberlie Clutterbuck, Ryan Saadawi, Joseph A. Caruso *, Julio Landero-Figueroa from the department of Chemistry at the University of Cincinnati, Agilent Technologies Metallomics Center of the Americas, the McMicken College of Arts and Sciences and University of Cincinnati discuss the many harmful metals found in non-tobacco smoking alternatives (pp.205). The primary question the authors aimedRead MoreSmoking in Public: Banned or Allowed885 Words   |  4 Pagespeople are still exposed to the fumes of second hand smoke. Can the option of smoking be left up to the public rather or not an individual should smoke in public. Where does the line end in the rights of a person the right to inhale clean air, the right to excise your right to smoke in public? Non-Smokers have the right to smoke free clean air environment, and smokers have a personal right to smoke in designated smoking areas. In this research paper I will talk about the controversy issue of second-hand Read MoreHow Often Are You Walking Down The Sidewalk And Catch A1388 Words   |  6 Pagessmokers and the effects that smoking had on their heart rate. â€Å"Research has shown that smoking increases heart rate, tightens major arteries, and can cause an irregular heart rhythm, all of which make your heart work harder. Smoking also raises blood pressure, which increases the risk of stroke† (Texas Heart Institute, 2016). We wanted to see the difference in heart rate between smokers and non-smokers, we also compared smokers to themselves based on how long they had been smoking for (five years or greaterRead MoreArgumentative Essay - Smoking806 Words   |  4 Pagescigarettes smoking be prohibited in pubs ? Michal Ã… ½Ãƒ ¡Ã„ ik Writing V. Rob Lee Argumentative Essay 6. 2. 2011 Unhealthy environment, smoke screens and empty wallets are a few problems someone might have when he enters a pub. On the one hand, it ´s required to have at least one non-smoking area in every pub, but on the other hand it ´s usually a small part of it. It could be a big problem for non-smokers, because they are bigger in number than seats for them. A good hopefulness for non-smokers isRead MoreShould Smoking Be Banned Harmful Effects On Individuals And The Economy1498 Words   |  6 Pages Smoking- A Costly and Deadly Habit One of the most common problems today that are killing people all over the world is smoking. Stress, personal issues, and high blood pressure are many reasons why people start this horrible habit. One cigarette leads to another which then can lead to major addiction. When someone smokes a cigarette they are not only hurting themselves, but others around them. Smoking causes people to be exposed to hazardous fumes and chemicals in many places. The habit of smokingRead MoreSmoking in restaurants, bars and pubs should be banned in Slovakia600 Words   |  3 PagesSmoking in restaurants, bars and pubs should be banned in Slovakia Smoking. Annoying habit that interferes with nonsmokers and smokers themselves too often. For centuries people around the world are subject to it, regardless of age, gender or race. Some smoke because they consider it to be modern, to fit into some games and some because it calms them down. The most often we get in touch with cigarettes is in restaurants, bars and pubs, and therefore as a non-smoker I personally think, and I willRead MoreShould Smoking Be Legal?1706 Words   |  7 PagesSmoking tobacco has been in existence for thousands of years. For most of its existence smoking has been acceptable, tolerable, and permitted in our mainstream society. In recent years, smoking tobacco has been under scrutiny. Smoking bans have been introduced to restrict smokers from smoking in public and private places. For example, restaurants, bars, hotels, parks, and beaches throughout the United States have established the bans against public smoking. I discovered this has significance as itRea d MoreSmokers vs Non-Smokers Essay733 Words   |  3 Pages6, 2010 Smokers in comparison/contrast to Non-Smokers In our everyday life, people either like or dislike smoking. Some people may think that smoking is bad for their health; meanwhile others may think that smoking is not harmful to them. In this world people tend to choose smoking for pleasure in their life and find that as long as it makes them comfortable they can over look the consequences or the harmful action that can take place while smoking. Non-smokers on the other hand have different waysRead MoreSmoke Free Society Essay743 Words   |  3 Pageslights a fire and starts smoking. You cant breathe comfortably anymore because of the smell, and the smoke makes your eyes smart. The perfect evening you are having is turning into a living hell. The above example describes how a non-smoker could suffer from smoking. There are many other disadvantages that a non-smoker gets from this nasty habit. Many had even died because of what we call passive smoking, or second-hand smoking. A non-smoker faces the risk of losingRead MoreEffects of Smoking Ban Laws Essay1327 Words   |  6 Pages Introduction Smoking bans are policies, which include occupational safety, regulations regarding health, and criminal laws, which prohibit tobacco smoking in public areas and in work places. The rationale behind these laws is to prevent non-smokers from the effects of second-hand smoke that may among other things result in lung cancer, heart diseases, emphysema and many other diseases. Smoking ban laws make smoking indoors in many countries worldwide illegal, with scientific evidence clearly showing

Benefits of Educating Employees Free Essays

Is it possible for a business to increase productivity by offering workplace computer literacy training to their employees? This paper asked the question: Are there benefits to employers that provide workplace education and training, above and beyond increased competency? The answer, as reported by research, is a resounding yes. Benefits such as increased self-confidence, increased adaptability, flexibility, the willingness to accept change and increased success in job-related training plus increased skills were reportedly derived from the workplace competency training offered. Moreover these benefits translated into more productivity for the organization. We will write a custom essay sample on Benefits of Educating Employees or any similar topic only for you Order Now Benefits of Educating Employees Introduction With the rapid changes taking place in our world economy, researching the question of workplace education benefits is significant. The question arose whether the workforce is sufficiently educated to compete in a global economy. The research pointed to competency as being imperative in today’s global economy, which implies an acceptance of computer competency. Education and competency training is defined as more than being able to work, but to make decisions. It is defined as being an important adjunct of technology. Education of skills, particularly computer competency and how they function gave the employees an overview of the system as a whole. It helped them understand how their machine worked and gave them an impetus to look for solutions themselves. This transcended into time saved and increased efficiency. The paper also indicated that companies which supported education in the workforce benefited because their employees exhibited improved self-confidence which translated into increased productivity and performance. More flexibility and a willingness to accept change were also deemed to benefits received from competency and skills training. Next point showed how computer literacy training benefited companies by helping their employees understand the computerized equipment they were working on. This understanding translated into: increased self-confidence, increased adaptability and flexibility, increased production as well as the willingness to take other training and succeed at same. Education and training today does include competency and skills not only in offices but also on shop floors. The benefits to providing workplace competency and skills training to employees are multifaceted. It may lessen the time it takes for people to learn. Return on investment is always of interest to businesses and organizations. The paper illustrated how employees, managers, supervisors as well as trainers observed behaviors from participants in the training, which reflected savings and profit for the organization. Some of the benefits are: saving time, increased production, increased flexibility, willingness to ask questions and changed attitudes. The paper points out how important it is to prepare to evaluate the training at the beginning of a project in order to determine what the organization is really trying to achieve with this specific training. The research concludes by looking at the organizational implications of offering workplace competency and skills training. Education and Competency Training Benefits There has been a great deal of information published on competency training done in the workplace. For example, in the 1997 report, The Impact of Basic Skills Programs on Canadian Workplaces: Results of a National Study for ABC CANADA Competency Foundation, the following information was reported. â€Å"The study consisted of in-depth phone interviews with 86 individuals from 53 workplaces that have had basic skills programs for at least one year. Sixty percent of the individuals interviewed were employer representatives and 40% were employee representatives. † (n. d. , The Benefits of Improving Competency Skills in the Workplace) The following are impacts to the workplace identified by the study: †¢ increases in the quality of work – 84% †¢ increased work effort – 73% †¢ more competent use of technology – 87%. (ABC CANADA Competency Foundation, The Benefits of Improving Competency Skills in the Workplace, n. d. ) Bloom and LaFleur’s (1999) report on improving competency skills through workplace education programs, indicates that â€Å"Although the impact of basic skills training on profits varies according to the value and shortage of a given skill or group of skills within a particular business sector, employers overwhelmingly report increased profits and other bottom-line benefits when their employees gain basic skills that enable them to work more effectively. † (p. 4) On page six of this report there is a list of eleven skills gained by employees who participated in workplace education programs as well as a list of twenty three organizational benefits gained by the employers. Willis (1994) reports that working with employees to expand workplace competency at the Peavey Electronics Corporation the following results were noted: â€Å"all employees had statistically significant increases in job performance with the areas of attitude, getting the job done, volunteering, doing extra, and dependability showing the most improvement. † (p. 25) U. S. Department of Labor (1992) states that: â€Å"A high-performance workplace requires workers who have a solid foundation in the basic competency and computational skills, the thinking skills, and in the personal qualities that make workers dedicated and trustworthy†¦ (p. 5). High-performance workplaces also require competencies: the ability to manage resources, to work amicably and productively with others, to acquire and use information, to master complex systems, and to work with a variety of technologies. † (p. 6) According to Dr. Harvey Krahn (1998) workplace competency programs target people with very low competency skills; however, if we look at competency as a continuum, businesses will recognize that it will benefit them to develop competency in people at all levels in the workplace. Bloom and LaFleur research (1999) has shown that â€Å"improving employee’s skills creates employees who work smarter and better and who cope well with change in the workplace, improves union/management relations and increases output and profitability. † (p. 3) The above speak of all competencies being important in the workplace. What challenges arise for businesses if employees are not literate? Bloom, Campbell and Gagnon (2001) speak of competency as being a crucial role in corporate competitiveness and productivity. They talk of globalization threatening U. S. ‘s economy and of people being a prime competitive advantage in the new economy. They maintain that U. S. ‘s traditional advantage of having a skilled workforce is being threatened by other countries gaining knowledge and improving the competency skills of their workers. They list the benefits to employers who work to increase the competency skills of their employees as: improved production and income, cost savings, better communication and employee retention as well as improved health and safety. For employees some of the benefits listed are higher income, more job security, less unemployment, improved self-confidence, more opportunities for job training, better attitude. (GAM, 2005) Benefits Specific to Computer Based Training The importance of computer training in today’s workplace is shown by the following statistics. More than one-half of all workers in U. S. now use a computer on the job. Data from the General Social Survey, on which the article is based, show that an estimated 8. 3 million workers, or 57% of the total employed, used a computer at their main job in 2000, compared with 33% in 1989 (Marshall, 2001, pp. 1-2). Ginsbury and Elmore (1998, p. 2) point out that computer training can save employees time to â€Å"compile and manage large data†; therefore, there is more time to spend on â€Å"creative, higher level work that that depends on the quick availability and quick manipulation of information†. They go on to say that much learning has been removed from the â€Å"objects of work whether a machine part, raw data or communication. † They speak of workers who fear technology or have difficulty learning new or upgraded technology as being liable to end up at the â€Å"lower end of a professional hierarchy. † Leckie, Leonard, Turcotte and Wallace (2001, p. 1) talk of work â€Å"evolving as the result of globalization, increased competition, the development of new technologies and other changes in the business environment. In the face of these trends, businesses are adopting new technologies and ways of organizing work to attain efficiency and productivity gains† (p. 9). They speak of businesses being wiser to retain their skilled employees rather than hire new, technically trained employees. They suggest that computer training can promote employee movement within a firm. Then firms have the best of both worlds, an employee who is experienced with the organization and has upgraded skills. They talk of new technology requiring new skills to be able to adapt to changing markets. They point to â€Å"job rotation, flexible job design and work teams† (p. 11) as giving employers the flexibility to have employees that will be able to adapt to change. They point to the effect of technological training for employees – if they become unemployed they have an easier time finding a job. They speak of computer training as being able to help employees deal with change as well as help them improve their performance and add to job satisfaction. McNeill (2000, p. 3) talks of computer competency at the executive level, as being more than â€Å"just using email and pulling files off the Web and so forth. We live in an increasingly high-tech world and overnight redundancies have become the norm. Companies that can’t assess these changes can easily get left behind. † He goes on to speak of downsizing and how computer competency is not listed as a reason to downsize; however, firms who have a choice of someone who is computer literate and someone of comparable skills that is not, will most likely choose to keep the person with computer skills. Computer based training attracts many and varied employees in the workplace. Most studies and papers state that computer training is beneficial to employees because it allows them the confidentiality to study what they need without others knowing. For instance there are many computer programs written which teach different skills. Also the training can be self-paced so there is no pressure to keep up. A bonus is if there are computer labs at work, employees can study when there is a suitable time in their schedule, such as lunch breaks, coffee breaks and before or after work. (Rae, O’Driscoll, 2004) I believe that training and education, especially computer is and will continue to be, very important to both employers and employees. As the information society develops, information and the know-how based on it will become more and more decisive as factors of production. Networking based on the application of information and communications technology, especially telecommunications, is a major trend. As well as creating new ways of communicating and working, information technology has made possible new methods of producing and distributing products and services (UNESCO, 2002, section 2. 1). Technological competency—meaning computer skills and the ability to use computers and other technology to improve learning, productivity and performance—has become as fundamental to a person’s ability to navigate through society as traditional skills like reading, writing and arithmetic †¦ (Selfe, 1998, p. 1). How to cite Benefits of Educating Employees, Papers

Top Ten London Undergraduate Degrees in Graphic Design

University of the Arts London: BA Graphic Design (the first place) Currently EU students, who want to receive an undergraduate degree, are supposed to pay  £9,000, provided that they start their studies since 2012. In order to be eligible for this program, an applicant should meet several entry requirements. In particular, he/she should have 1 GCE A Level, and a Foundational Diploma in Art and Design.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Top Ten London Undergraduate Degrees in Graphic Design specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More There are some alternative certificates, for instance, BTEC Extended Diploma. Learners, who are not native speakers of English, should complete IELTS 6.0 exams. In particular, they should score at least 5.5 in writing, reading, and listening1. This program lasts for four years. Apart from that, the learners will have to provide a portfolio in order to complete the third year of this program. Thes e are the main standards that should be considered. Overall, this program can enable a person to gain an in-depth understanding of the techniques used in graphic design. Furthermore, students will have a chance to cooperate with organizations that represent the graphic design industry. In this way, they can better develop their professional skills and eventually reach the standards set by employers. Additionally, learners acquire knowledge of various social, cultural, or economic factors that shape the work of graphic designers. The graduates will be able to work in various fields such as branding, product design, interactive design, and so forth. These are these are the main issues that can be identified. The London College BA Graphic Design (the second place) In order to participate in this program, UK or EU students have to pay  £5,950, if he/she intends to start his/her studies in 2014. Romanian students should have an equivalent of 1 GCE A Level. These applicants should have Diploma de Bacalaureat. Secondly, students are obliged to meet certain English proficiency standards. For instance, their IELTS should not be lower than 5.0. Secondly, the applicants should present a portfolio of their works. Romanian students may email it to the admission committee. Learners will take part in this program for three years. In order to earn this degree, a person should gain knowledge and skills that are related to such areas as interactive design, typography, branding, packaging, and other fields. Moreover, students should understand economic, social, and cultural factors that shape the work of graphic designers. The main advantage of this program is that students will attend workshops organized by distinguished designers.Advertising Looking for essay on art and design? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Secondly, they will be able to work in businesses that offer products or services related to graphic design. In this way, they can better understand the roles that graphic designers should play. Overall, this undergraduate degree suggests that a person is able to cope with professional challenges. This is the main argument that can be put forward. University of West London, BA Graphic Design (the third place) Home students are required to pay  £ 8,000 per an academic year. However, the official site of this university does not provide information about tuition fees that should be paid by non-UK applicants such as Romanian students. Romanian applicants should have an equivalent of GCE examinations, namely Diploma de Bacalaureat in mathematics. Apart from that, they will have to fulfill their English language requirements. Their IELTs score should be at least 6.0. Yet, they can also take TOEFL test. These are some of the details that applicants should consider. The duration of this course is three years. On the whole, this program is aimed at achieved several objectives. First of all, studen ts will develop their skills in such fields of graphic design as illustration, typography, and drawing. Secondly, they will work with different types of media. Much attention will be paid to information technologies since they are an essential tool for modern graphic design. The main goal is to prepare students for the career in organizations that represent visual communications industry such as publishing houses, graphic design studio, or advertising agencies2. Moreover, learners will have opportunities for product placement during their studies. So, they can better understand what exactly employers expect from them. These are the main issues that should be kept in mind. Middlesex University London BA Graphic Design (the fourth place) Full-time undergraduate students have to pay  £9,000 per an academic year, provided that they start their studies in 2014. This university accepts applicants who may have various diplomas. For instance, one can mention Level 3 Diploma in Art, Intern ational Baccalaureate, or Advanced Progression Diploma. Furthermore, the candidates are usually required to provide a portfolio of their work. One should bear in mind that this educational institution recognized academic certificates that a student could receive in foreign countries. People, whose native language is not English, should complete IELTS examinations. They should have a score of 5.5 in speaking, listening, reading, and writing.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Top Ten London Undergraduate Degrees in Graphic Design specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Apart from that, these people can take TOEFL. This program is going to last for three years. During this time, students will be able to learn more about such issues as printmaking, digital illustration, photography, and so forth3. The learners will be able to gain a better understanding of the techniques adopted by modern designers. Educators will rely on va rious instruction methods, for example, lectures, seminars, or workshops with distinguished designers such as Jonathan Barnbrook, David Carson, or John Hegarty. At the end of their studies, learners should carry out a self-initiated project that will be showcased at the degree exhibition. People, who can complete this program, can work in various organizations such as magazine publishers, advertising agencies or other organizations in which graphic design skills are necessary. University of Greenwich, BA Graphic and Digital Design (the fifth place) A student should pay  £10,100 as tuition fees. Secondly, learners, who come from foreign countries, must provide an educational certificate which is an equivalent GCSEs. For example, one can speak about International Baccalaureate or Diploma de Bacalaureat. These are the documents that can be offered by Romanian students. Additionally, these people must demonstrate that they reached a high level of proficiency in the English language. M oreover, learners should demonstrate that they take interest in graphic design. This is why they should present a portfolio of their works. In this way, a person can distinguish oneself among other candidates. During their studies, students will be able to learn more about the techniques used in branding, animation, typography, or advertising. Furthermore, professional development of students will be promoted with the help of self-initiated projects and work placements. Learners will have a chance to cooperate with professionals who can better explain how a designer can overcome various challenges. Their recommendations can be of great value to students. Overall, this experience is important for the future career of students. This is the main argument that can be advanced.Advertising Looking for essay on art and design? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Goldsmiths, University of London BA Design (the sixth place) The students, who live in the United Kingdom or an EU country, have to pay  £9,000. The applicants have to provide various certificates such as ABB or International Baccalaureate. Furthermore, the candidates should participate in a post-16 course in art of design. For instance, one can mention a Foundation Course, or NVQ level. Moreover, the admission committee pays attention to the design portfolio of a candidate. They also accept certificates from other European country such as Romania. Additionally, Romanian students have to pass certain English proficiency examinations. For instance, their IELTS score should be at least 6.5, while the result of their TOEFL should be no less than 92. These are some of the standards that should be met. Learners can receive a degree after three years of full-time studies. In the course of this program, students will be able to acquire knowledge and skills related to various areas graphi c design such as typography, page layout, interface development and so forth. However, students will have an opportunity to gain a better idea about product or even fashion design. Overall, they will be able to structure their curriculum. Learners will take part in studio practices, technical studies, and professional activities4. Additionally, during the second year, students will be able to work in companies that represent the design industry. Thus, they will be able to cooperative with professional designers. These are the main aspects that can be identified. Regent’s University London BA Graphic Design (the seventh place) The tuition fees both the students from the United Kingdom and the European Union constitute  £14,750. Moreover, they will have to pay a registration fee of  £ 420. These costs will be incurred by people who will start their studies in 2014. Applicants should have twelve years of schooling. Romanian students may require international baccalaureate ce rtificate in order to be eligible for this program. Learners can take several English proficiency tests. In particular, they may take CCAE (Cambridge Certificate in Advanced English) test, but their score should not be lower than C. In turn, their IELTS score should be at least 6.0. These issues should be taken into account by applicants who want to apply to this educational institution. This program includes four years of full-time studies. These are the main academic standards that should be met. Overall, the main goal of this program is to develop students’ understanding of graphic design and show how its techniques can be used in visual communication5. Moreover, learners will acquire new skills in web design as well as motion graphics. Overall, this program can help students develop their creativity and elaborate their technical skills. These are some of the main aspects that can be singled out. Kingston University London BA Graphic Design (the eighth place) The learners, who will start their undergraduate studies at Kingston University, will need to pay  £ 8, 750 on an annual basis. Applicants are expected to have Art and Design Foundation Diploma or equivalents certificates from foreign countries. In particular, Romanian candidates should have a certificate of vocational training in art and design. Candidates should also upload an electronic version of their portfolio. It should be mentioned that in many cases, a well-developed portfolio can increase the chances of a candidate. Additionally, they should have Diploma de Bacalaureat which is an equivalent of GCSEs. Moreover, the applicants should provide their portfolios to the admission committee. Furthermore, the applicants’ IELTS score should be 5.5. These people can take other English proficiency tests. Students’ studies will last for three years. These are the main details that can be distinguished. This program is aimed at achieving several objectives. First of all, students sh ould be able to apply various techniques that are used by graphic designers. Apart from that, learners should be able to apply information technologies that can facilitate the process of design. In the course of their studies, students will have an opportunity to work in organizations specialize in graphic design. This experience can help students gain a better idea about the requirements of their future employees. The university will promote industrial placements of learners as well as field trips6. London Metropolitan University BA Graphic Design (the ninth place) The tuition fees for this program will be  £6,860 for an academic year. However, the costs of tuition can change in 2015. Romanian students will have to provide certificates showing that they have level 3 qualifications in art and design. Moreover, they need to provide Diploma de Bacalaureat. Furthermore, these people are encouraged to send an email version of their portfolio which will be closely evaluated by the admi ssion committee. These people should also have certain English language prerequisites; in particular, the IELTS score should be 5.5. This program is intended to last for three years. However, a student can choose an extended program that includes four years of study7. These are some of the main issues that can be singled out. By participating in this program, students can gain an in-depth understanding of design principles. Secondly, they will be able to work with different types of media such as printed documents, digital media or photography. In this way, they can develop relevant professional skills. Educators will attach importance independent initiatives of students. The graduates can be employed in various organizations such as graphic design agencies or companies that design commercials for other businesses. These are the main issues that should be taken into consideration. University of East London BA Graphic Design (the tenth place) This institution charges  £ 9000 from l earners who attend undergraduate courses. The applicants should complete such programs as GAD, Art and Design Foundation, or BTEC in order to be eligible. Furthermore, people relevant professional experience in design can also be considered. The candidates should have an IETS. In particular, their score should not be lower than 5.5. Yet, the applicants can also take PTE or TOEFL exams. This program is supposed to last for three years. This program can help a person to learn more about such areas of graphic design as typography, web design, photography, and so forth 8. So, a learner will work with various types of media. During these three years, the students will work on a wide range of assignments that will prompt them to display their creativity and critical thinking. Much attention will be paid to the self-initiated work of students who will be able to select the topic or projects that they will discuss. Moreover, educators will focus on the administrative skills of students beca use they may need to manage or coordinate the work of other people. Furthermore, they will attend lectures, workshops, exhibitions, and so forth. These are the main details that should be taken into account. Bibliography Goldsmiths, University of London, BA (Hons) Design, University of London, 2013, retrieved http://www.gold.ac.uk/ug/ba-design/. Kingston University London, Graphic Design BA(Hons): Links with business and industry, Kingston University London, 2013, retrieved http://www.kingston.ac.uk/undergraduate-course/graphic-design-2014/links-with-business-and-industry.html. Middlesex University London, BA Honours Graphic Design, MIL, 2013, retrieved http://www.mdx.ac.uk/courses/undergraduate/art_design/graphic_design_ba.aspx. Regent’s University London, Visual Communication: Specialisation in Graphic Design – BA (Hons), Regent’s University London, 2013, retrieved http://www.regents.ac.uk/study/undergraduate-study/programmes/ba-hons-visual-communication-gr aphic-design.aspx. London Metropolitan University, Graphic Design- BA Hons, London Metropolitan University, 2013, retrieved http://www.londonmet.ac.uk/courses/undergraduate/2014/graphic-design–ba-hons/. University of East London, Programme Specification for BA (Hons) Graphic Design, UEL, 2013, retrieved http://www.uel.ac.uk/undergraduate/specs/graphicdesign/. University of the Arts London, BA Graphic Design, UAL, 2013, retrieved from http://www.arts.ac.uk/camberwell/courses/undergraduate/ba-graphic-design/. University of West London, BA (Hons) Graphic Design (Visual Communication and Illustration), University of West London, 2013, retrieved http://www.uwl.ac.uk/course/graphic-design-visual-communication-and-illustration-3/33745. Footnotes 1 University of the Arts London, BA Graphic Design, UAL, 2013, retrieved from http://www.arts.ac.uk/camberwell/courses/undergraduate/ba-graphic-design/. 2 University of West London, BA (Hons) Graphic Design (Visual Communication and Ill ustration), University of West London, 2013, retrieved http://www.uwl.ac.uk/course/graphic-design-visual-communication-and-illustration-3/33745. 3 Middlesex University London, BA Honours Graphic Design, MIL, 2013, retrieved http://www.mdx.ac.uk/courses/undergraduate/art_design/graphic_design_ba.aspx. 4 Goldsmiths, University of London, BA (Hons) Design, University of London, 2013, retrieved http://www.gold.ac.uk/ug/ba-design/. 5 Regent’s University London, Visual Communication: Specialisation in Graphic Design – BA (Hons), Regent’s University London, 2013, retrieved http://www.regents.ac.uk/study/undergraduate-study/programmes/ba-hons-visual-communication-graphic-design.aspx. 6 Kingston University London, Graphic Design BA(Hons): Links with business and industry, Kingston University London, 2013, retrieved http://www.kingston.ac.uk/undergraduate-course/graphic-design-2014/links-with-business-and-industry.html. 7 London Metropolitan University, Graphic Design - BA Hons, London Metropolitan University, 2013, retrieved http://www.londonmet.ac.uk/courses/undergraduate/2014/graphic-design–ba-hons/. 8 University of East London, Programme Specification for BA (Hons) Graphic Design, UEL, 2013, retrieved http://www.uel.ac.uk/undergraduate/specs/graphicdesign/. 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